What is Autism?
Overview
Autism is a group of conditions that are linked to differences in how our brains develop. They can affect how a person thinks and behaves. Signs of autism often start to appear in the early years of childhood.
People with autism can experience the world differently from most others. Because of this, they may have trouble with “typical” social skills, such as talking and interacting with other people. They may also behave in unusually repetitive or specific ways such as:
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Having very narrow, intense interests
(eg, they get excited talking about spaceship computers, but not much else)
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Constantly doing the same action over and over
(eg, flapping hands, rocking their body)
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Struggling to change from one task to another
(eg, moving from home to outdoors)
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Reacting strongly to specific sights, sounds and sensations
(eg, a type of t-shirt fabric, a texture of food)
It’s important to remember that “typical” behaviour can range very widely. One sign of unusual behaviour is not necessarily proof of autism. It’s more important to look for an overall pattern of behaviour.
Around 1 in 36 people are autistic in some way. Signs of autism usually appear in a child’s early years. These signs may persist or evolve as a child grows older, but autism itself is a lifelong condition.
Not everyone with autism looks the same. Each person with autism can have very diverse needs and abilities. Some can live on their own, while others may need constant care. However, with the right strategies and resources, their strengths and personalities can shine. Just like anyone else, people with autism can lead happy and fulfilling lives.
To thrive and reach their full potential, children with autism need support and understanding from an early age. Healthcare providers and therapists can help create a support plan tailored to a child’s unique needs.
If someone you care for has been diagnosed with autism by a trained professional, always remember that their diagnosis does not change who they are. With your love and support, they can do amazing things.
What is neurodiversity?
“Neurodiversity” is the idea that, like skin colour and height, human brains are naturally different. Neurodiversity takes the view that “just because it’s different, doesn’t mean it’s wrong”.
Autism is a part of human neurodiversity. The best support strategies for people with autism aim to give them what they need to thrive, rather than force them to “fit in better” with a “neurotypical” world. These strategies help them build stronger self-confidence and mental health in the long term.
Further Reading
Signs &
Symptoms
Assessment
& Diagnosis