Importance of Routines

Humans naturally thrive on routine. Regardless of age, lifestyle, or background, everyone benefits from having an established schedule. For children with autism, who often struggle with transitions and change, routines provide a sense of stability and comfort. This stability can make daily life more predictable and less stressful for both the child and their caregivers.

For parents and caregivers, establishing routines at home can streamline responsibilities and reduce overall stress. Routines also teach children valuable life skills and promote family bonding. By creating a structured daily schedule, families can bring a sense of order and flow to their lives, making everyday tasks more manageable.

Understanding Autism and Routines

Researchers have learned a lot about why routines are important for people with autism. They found that “intolerance of uncertainty” is a key factor in anxiety related to changes in routine. This means autistic children are often in a heightened state of arousal and struggle to know what to focus on when things change.

Creating a daily routine provides a predictable structure for children with autism, reducing stress from unexpected changes. Research shows that a consistent routine helps them become more independent and improves their social and emotional health. Once a routine is in place, children feel more secure and less anxious. It’s also important to inform other caregivers about the child’s daily routine to ensure consistency.

Additionally, daily routines strengthen the bond between caregivers and children, give children a sense of control over their day, and create a safe, comfortable environment.

When children feel safe and their stress levels are low, they are more receptive to strengthening existing skills and learning new ones. A familiar routine not only helps them cope with anxiety-inducing situations but also sets them up to thrive.

Setting Up a Routine

Routines for children with autism should be structured and organised around the day’s needs and natural order. Start each week by placing a physical version of your child’s daily routine in an easily accessible spot. This helps them establish a predictable rhythm for the week.

Identify Important Tasks

List everything your child needs to do each day, like chores, homework, meals, and other activities. Break these tasks into smaller, manageable steps.

The key to a successful routine is being predictable and specific. Clearly lay out the steps or options for each block to ensure your child understands what’s going on.

For example, getting ready for bed at 8 p.m. can be broken down into:

1. Put on pyjamas
2. Brush teeth
3. Read one bedtime story
4. Turn off the light

If too many steps seem overwhelming, include simple directions next to each task. For example, “Get Ready for Bed” could include “put on pyjamas, brush teeth, wash face,” followed by separate steps for reading a story and turning off the light.

Be patient and communicate to find the best routine for your child.

Create a Schedule

Create a visual tool, such as a calendar on the fridge or a poster on the wall, to help your child understand and follow their routine. Organise tasks into a daily schedule and experiment with using pictures, photos of your child performing each task or simple text depending on what your child responds to.

Your schedule should be unique to your family and child, aligning with the natural flow of their existing routine. Remember to include time for fun activities, allowing your child to engage with their interests or explore new ones.

Without enough support, transitions can be difficult. Autistic children might miss social cues, like when it’s time to pack up or stop a conversation. They can become upset if their usual play or routine ends suddenly.

To assist with transitions, use timers and alarms to provide noticeable cues. Visual aids like pictures or checking steps off with a marker or sticker can make transitions less confusing and more rewarding.

Example of a Daily Schedule for a Child with Autism.